Zinc deficiency as possible link between immunosenescence and age-related diseases

Immunity & Ageing

Table 7 Comparison of monocyte and macrophage counts and functions in aged individuals and zinc deficient state

Cell type	Characteristics	Alteration		References
Cell type	Characteristics	Elderly	ZD	Elderly	ZD
Monocytes
	Cell number	↗	↗	[167] ↗ [220] ↑	[172, 219] ↑ [246] ↓
	ROS production	↑	↔	[247] ↑	[239] ↑ [240] ↑↓
	IFN-α-production	↓	↓	[245] ↓	[167] ↓
Macrophages
	Cell number (tissue resident)	↑	↘	[217] ↑	[248] ↗ [218] ↑
	Apoptosis	↑	↑	[237] ↑	[74] ↑
	Phagocytosis/Clearance	↓	↓	[221,222,223] ↓	[234, 236, 249] ↓
	M1/M2-ratio	↑	↑	[237] ↑	[224, 225, 246] ↓

ZD: Zinc deficiency; ↓: decreased significantly; ↘: probably decreased; ↔ : no effect, or effect unclear; -: no data available, ↗: probably increased; ↑: increased significantly

ISSN: 1742-4933