Fig. 3

Distribution of CD4⁺T and CD8⁺T cell subsets in PLWH of different ages. (a-b) Distribution of the CD4⁺T and CD8⁺T cell subsets at different ages of PLWH. Percentage data in the graphs were accurately determined by flow cytometry and reflect the average proportion of each cell subset in the total CD4⁺T cells or CD8⁺T cells poor. (c-d) Differences in the frequencies of CD4⁺T and CD8⁺T cell subsets were compared between the HAART and untreated PLWH across the three age groups. The groups are represented in different colors. The data are presented as means ± SDs, and analyses were conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The heatmap illustrates the p-values for pairwise comparisons. A green color indicates statistical significance at P < 0.05, while red denotes no significant difference (see color bar). CM: central memory cells, EM: effector memory cells, CCR7: C-C Chemokine Receptor 7