Fig. 5

Shows that aging-related dysfunction in adipose tissues contributes to metabolic issues by increasing the levels of proinflammatory adipokines and FFAs. These FFAs lead to NAFLD and contribute to hepatic and muscle insulin resistance. Additionally, they promote B-cell proliferation, increase Na + reabsorption, and contribute to hypertension. Endothelial dysfunction also occurs due to inflammatory adipokines, while increased ROS production damages cardiovascular health and cartilage and contributes to conditions such as osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. Furthermore, aging disrupts neurotransmitter balance in WAT, potentially contributing to dementia